Introducing the Perfect Tense…
I have done my homework.
I have read the book.
I have danced.
I have sung the song.
have = auxiliary in English
haben = also the auxiliary verb in German
sung, read, danced and done = all past participles
German Word Order
I have my homework done.
I have the book read.
I have danced.
I have the song sung.
Ich habe meine Hausaufgaben gemacht.
•machen – to make or do
•formula: ge + verb stem + t
Was hast du gestern gemacht? – What did you do yesterday?
Ich habe Frühstück gekocht. – I cooked breakfast.
kochen → gekocht
sehen is an irregular past participle — gesehen
Ich habe meine Freunde gesehen. → I saw my friends.
aus/schlafen – separable verb
schlafen → past participle is irregular: geschlafen
With separable verbs, the ge goes between the two parts of the verb in the past participle.
→ Ich habe ausgeschlafen. – I slept in.
fern/sehen → past participle: ferngesehen
→ Ich habe ferngesehen. – I watched TV.
The OTHER auxiliary – haben is the first; sein (to be) is the other:
Conjugation of sein (to be):
Write it on your souls in fiery letters:
sein – to be | irregular verb in present | auxiliary verb in perfect tense | |
ich bin | wir sind |
du bist | ihr seid |
er/sie/es/man ist | sie sind |
formal address: Sie sind |
• gehen – to go – one of the verbs that forms its perfect tense with the auxiliary sein
• past participle: gegangen (irregular)
• Ich bin zu einem Fußballspiel gegangen. – I went to a football game.